Past Continuous Tense: Pengertian, Rumus, Contoh Kalimat, dan Soal

Pengertian Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense atau past progressive tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Aksi pada tense tersebut telah dimulai tapi belum selesai pada saat itu.

contoh kalimat past continuous tense dan artinya: The nurses could see that his health was improving a lot. (Para perawat dapat melihat bahwa kesehatannya meningkat pesat.)
contoh kalimat past continuous tense dan artinya

Lihat juga:

Rumus Past Continuous Tense

Past progressive tense dibentuk dengan auxiliary verb “be”, berupa was atau were – karena past tense (terjadi di masa lalu), dan present participleWas untuk singular subject berupa singular noun (seperti: Andi, book, dan cat) dan singular pronoun (seperti: I, she, he, dan it) kecuali “you”; sebaliknya were yang merupakan plural verb digunakan pada plural subject seperti plural noun (seperti: cats, people, books) dan plural pronoun (seperti: you, they, we, dan cats), dan you.

Lihat juga:

Tense ini umumnya hanya terjadi pada aksi berupa dynamic verb, tidak stative verb karena secara umum hanya dynamic verb yang memiliki bentuk continuous.

Rumus past continuous tense: S + was/were + present participle. Was untuk singular subject, seperti: singular noun dan singular pronoun (kecuali "you"); sementara were untuk plural subject, seperti: plural noun, plural pronoun, dan you. Umumnya present participle berupa action verb.
rumus past continuous tense

Kalimat negatif didapat dengan menambahkan “not” setelah be, sedangkan kalimat interrogatif (yes-no question) dapat dibuat dengan menukar posisi subject of verb (S) dan be.

Kalimat Positive

S + be (was/were) + present participle

Kalimat Negative

S + be (was/were) + not + present participle

Yes-No Question

Be (was/were) + S + present participle

Contoh Kalimat Yes-No Question Past Continuous Tense

  1. They were still sitting quietly at the end of the meeting.
    (Mereka masih duduk diam pada akhir pertemuan.)

    Were they still sitting quietly at the end of the meeting?
    (Apakah mereka masih duduk diam pada akhir pertemuan.)

  2. Dara was eating breakfast when her phone rang.
    (Dara sedang sarapan ketika teleponnya berbunyi.)

    Was Dara eating breakfast when her phone rang?
    (Apakah Dara sedang sarapan ketika teleponnya berbunyi?)

  3. The children were playing puzzle games yesterday at nine o’clock.
    (Anak-anak sedang bermain puzzle jam sembilan kemarin.)

    Were the children playing puzzle games yesterday at nine o’clock?
    (Apakah anak-anak sedang bermain puzzle jam sembilan kemarin?)

  4. He was talking to someone on the phone at 10 p.m. last night.
    (Dia sedang berbicara dengan seseorang di telepon pada jam 10 malam kemarin.)

    Was he talking to someone on the phone at 10 p.m. last night?
    (Apakah dia sedang berbicara dengan seseorang di telepon pada jam 10 malam kemarin?)

Contoh Short Answer Response Past Continuous Tense

  1. Was I/we wearing a tacky sweater two days ago?
    • Yes, you were.
    • No, you weren’t.
  2. Was she/he wearing a tacky sweater two days ago?
    • Yes, she/he was.
    • No, she/he wasn’t.
  3. Were you wearing a tacky sweater two days ago?
    • Yes, I was.
    • No, I wasn’t.
  4. Were they wearing a tacky sweater too days ago?
    • Yes. they were.
    • No, they weren’t.
contoh yes-no question past continuous tense
contoh yes-no question past continous tense

Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat

  1. Past continuous tense untuk mengindikasikan suatu aksi yang terjadi selama momen tertentu di masa lampau. Time expression (keterangan waktu) yang dapat digunakan antara lain:
    • at this time yesterday (pada jam ini kemarin, at this time last night  (pada jam ini semalam)
    • at 5 am this morning (pada pukul 5 pagi ini)
    • all day yesterday (sepanjang hari kemarin)
    • in February (di bulan Februari)

    Contoh Kalimat

    • I was shopping at this time yesterday.
      (Saya sedang belanja pada jam ini kemarin.)
    • What was she doing at 5 am this morning?
      (Apa yang sedang dia lakukan jam 5 pagi ini?)
    • They were roasting corn at this time last night.
      (Mereka sedang membakar jagung pada jam ini kemarin malam.)
    • I was doing physically exercises all day yesterday.
      (Saya sedang melakukan latihan-latihan fisik sepanjang hari kemarin.)
    • In February she was working as a waitress in a well-known restaurant.
      (Di bulan Februari dia bekerja sebagai pelayan di sebuah restoran terkenal.)
  2. Tense ini untuk menunjukkan bahwa ada aksi berdurasi pendek (simple past tense) yang terjadi ketika suatu aksi berdurasi panjang (past continuous tense) sedang berlangsung. Subordinate conjunction while dan when dapat digunakan dengan formulasi sebagai berikut.

    simple past + while + past continuous

    • while he was sleeping (ketika dia sedang tidur)
    • while they were partying (ketika mereka sedang berpesta)
    • while I was reading a book (ketika saya sedang membaca buku)

    past continuous + when + simple past

    • when I got home (ketika saya tiba di rumah)
    • when he opened the door (ketika dia membuka pintu)
    • when you called her (ketika kamu meneleponnya)

    Contoh Kalimat

    • The door was knocked while I was reading a book.
      (Pintu diketuk ketika saya sedang membaca buku.)
    • My mother was cleaning the carpet when I got home.
      (Ibu saya sedang membersihkan karpet ketika saya tiba di rumah.)
    • She was sleeping when you called her.
      (Dia sedang tidur ketika kamu meneleponnya.)
  3. Past continuous tense digunakan untuk membicarakan sesuatu yang terjadi berulang-ulang. Interval kejadiannya acak namun sesungguhnya merupakan kebiasaan alami. Tense ini terkadang digunakan untuk mengkritik suatu aksi.

    Contoh Kalimat

    • I was repeatedly checking things.
      (Saya dulu berulang kali memeriksa sesuatu.)
    • The girl was always yelling out loud.
      (Anak itu selalu menjerit keras-keras.)
    • My neighbor was always chasing stray cats off with his broom.
      (Tetangga saya selalu mengusir kucing-kucing liar dengan sapunya.)
  4. Tense ini digunakan dengan verb yang menunjukkan perubahan (change) atau perkembangan (growth), seperti:
    • grow (up)
    • improve
    • go
    • change

    Contoh Kalimat

    • His hair was going so thin.
      (Rambutnya menjadi sangat tipis.)
    • My life was changing rapidly.
      (Hidup saya berubah dengan cepat.)

10 Contoh Soal Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense merupakan bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lalu. Tense ini dibentuk dengan auxiliary verb “be” (was/were) dan present participle (-ing). Was untuk singular subject kecuali you, sedangkan were untuk plural subject dan you.

rumus past continuous tense positif, negatif, dan interogatif
rumus past continuous tense positif, negatif, dan interogatif

Pilihlah jawaban yang paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong dengan mengetik a atau b.

  1. Where … you meeting your client at 10 o’clock yesterday?

    1. were
    2. was

    Your answer:

  2. Someone tried to steal her phone while she … for a railway ticket.

    1. queued
    2. was queuing

    Your answer:

  3. My sister and I … walking on the beach at 5 pm last week.

    1. was
    2. were

    Your answer:

  4. At 7 this morning he … breakfast with his kids.

    1. was eating
    2. is eating

    Your answer:

  5. Who ... the car when it ...?

    1. was driving, crashed
    2. drove, was crashing

    Your answer:

  1. My father, together with mother, … in the garden all day yesterday.

    1. was working
    2. were working

    Your answer:

  2. Were the students … the video during class?

    1. watching
    2. watch

    Your answer:

  3. The fire alarm rang … the boarding school students were sleeping.

    1. while
    2. when

    Your answer:

  4. Was she … kind to her friends?

    1. be
    2. being

    Your answer:

  5. He … taking a bath when you knocked on the door.

    1. is
    2. was

    Your answer:

Correct
Incorrect

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Contoh Soal Yes-No Question Past Continuous Tense

Yes-no question (pertanyaan yang meminta tanggapan “yes” atau “no”) dengan past continuous tense dapat langsung dibuat dengan menukar posisi subject of verb dan was/were kalimat positif.

Pilihlah yes-no question past continuous tense yang tepat dari kata-kata di bawah ini dengan mengetik a, b, c, atau d.

  1. he / wait for a train / at 7 a.m. on Saturday?

    1. Was he waiting for a train at 7 a.m. on Saturday?
    2. Were he waiting for a train at 7 a.m. on Saturday?

    Your answer:

  2. only a very few students / attend / classes / when the war broke out?

    1. Was only a very few students attending classes when the war broke out?
    2. Were only a very few students attending classes when the war broke out?

    Your answer:

  3. the guests / still stay / at Diana's house at 19.30 yesterday?

    1. Was the guests still staying at Diana's house at 19.30 yesterday?
    2. Were the guests still staying at Diana's house at 19.30 yesterday?

    Your answer:

  4. the newborn baby girl / sleep / while her mother was dusting the entire downstairs?

    1. Was the newborn baby girl sleeping while her mother was dusting the entire downstairs?
    2. Were the newborn baby girl sleeping while her mother was dusting the entire downstairs?

    Your answer:

  5. it / not rain / when the power went off?

    1. Was not it raining when the power went off?
    2. Were not it raining when the power went off?
    3. Was it not raining when the power went off?
    4. Were it not raining when the power went off?

    Your answer:

Correct
Incorrect

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Lihat juga:

 

References:

  1. Verb Tenses. faculty.washington.edu.  Accessed on February 16, 2013.
  2. Past Continuous. learnenglish.britishcouncil.org. Accessed on October 9, 2018.
  3. Is It a Crime? product.pearsonelt.com. Accessed on March 16, 2016.
  4. Past Progressive/Continuous. instruction.greenriver.edu. Accessed on January 22, 2014.
  5. WH-Words Questions in English and American Sign Language. seattlecentral.edu. Accessed on February 10, 2013.
  6. Past Continuous Quiz. englishclub.com. Accessed on March 16, 2016.
  7. Wait. oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com. Accessed on March 16, 2016.

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