Pengertian Simple Past Tense
Simple past tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja sederhana untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi di masa lampau. Pada bentuk kata kerja ini, waktu kejadian (yesterday, last two days, last year) atau periode waktunya (for two months, for a day, for an hour) dapat disebutkan secara spesifik. Tense ini juga dapat digunakan untuk membentuk conditional sentence tipe 2.
Rumus Simple Past Tense Kalimat Positif, Negatif, dan Interrogatif
Simple past tense dibentuk dari verb-2 (past tense) berupa kata kerja biasa atau to be. Verb-2 merupakan bare infinitive (bentuk dasar verb) dengan tambahan -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, atau -ne untuk regular verb atau bentuk yang tidak konsisten pada irregular verb, sedangkan pada verb “to be”, verb-2 berupa was dan were.
Lihat juga:
Was yang merupakan singular verb digunakan pada singular subject berupa singular noun (seperti: Andi, book, dan cat) dan singular pronoun (seperti: I, she, he, dan it) kecuali “you”, sebaliknya were yang merupakan plural verb digunakan pada plural subject berupa plural noun (seperti: cats, people, books), plural pronoun (seperti: you, they, we, dan cats), compound subject dengan kata hubung “and” (seperti: you and I, Andi and Susi), dan you.
Tabel Contoh Verb-2
S | bare infinitive | verb-2 |
---|---|---|
I / you / she / he / they / we / Andi / people / you and I / Andi and Susi | study | studied |
buy | bought | |
it | break | broke |
I / she / he / it / Andi | be | was |
you/ they / we / people / you and I / Andi and Susi | be | were |
Menggunakan be, kalimat negatif dapat langsung dibuat dengan menambahkan “not” setelahnya; sedangkan pada kalimat dengan verb-2 selain be perlu penambahan dummy auxiliary verb “did”, diikuti “not, dan verb-2 berubah menjadi bentuk dasar juga.
Kalimat interrogatif (yes-no question) dapat langsung dibuat dengan menukar posisi subject dan be. Jika menggunakan verb-2 selain be perlu penambahan dummy auxiliary verb “did” dan verb-2 berubah menjadi bentuk dasar.
Kalimat Positive
- S + verb-2 +/- direct object
- S + be (was/were) + subject complement (noun/adjective/…)
Kalimat Negative
- S + did not + bare infinitive
- S + was/were not + subject complement (noun/adjective/…)
Yes-No Question
- Did + S + bare infinitive +/- direct object
- Be (was/were) + S + subject complement (noun/adjective/…)
Lihat juga:
Contoh Kalimat Negative – Simple Past Tense
- I came late.
(Saya datang terlambat.)I didn’t come late.
(Saya tidak datang terlambat.) - You left one question blank.
(Kamu meninggalkan satu pertanyaan kosong.)You didn’t leave one question blank.
(Kamu tidak meninggalkan satu pertanyaan kosong.) - She had teaching experience.
(Dia mempunyai pengalaman mengajar.)She didn’t have teaching experience.
(Dia tidak punya pengalaman mengajar.) - Those people were nice to me.
(Orang-orang itu dulu baik pada saya.)Those people weren’t nice to me.
(Orang-orang itu dulu tidak baik pada saya.)
Contoh Kalimat Yes-No Question Simple Past Tense
- She came to my house yesterday.
(Dia datang ke rumah saya kemarin.)Did she come to my house yesterday?
(Apakah dia datang ke rumah saya kemarin?) - They bought some snacks.
(Mereka membeli beberapa makanan ringan.)Did they buy some snacks?
(Apakah mereka membeli beberapa makanan ringan?) - I was shy.
(Saya dulu pemalu.)Was I shy?
(Apakah saya dulu pemalu?) - Those students were late this morning.
(Siswa-siswa itu terlambat tadi pagi.)Were those students late this morning?
(Apakah siswa-siswa itu terlambat tadi pagi?)
Short Answer Response Simple Past Tense
- Was I here before? / Were we here before?
- Yes, you were.
- No, you weren’t.
- Was she/he/it here before?
- Yes, she/he/it was.
- No, she/he/it wan’t.
- Were you here before?
- Yes, I was.
- No, I wasn’t.
- Were they here before?
- Yes. they were.
- No, they weren’t.
- Did I/we miss the point of the story?
- Yes, you did.
- No, you didn’t.
- Did she/he/it miss the point of the story?
- Yes, she/he/it did.
- No, she/he/it didn’t.
- Did you miss the point of the story?
- Yes, I did.
- No, I didn’t.
- Did they miss the point of the story?
- Yes, they did.
- No, they didn’t.
Time Expressions
Berikut beberapa time expression (keterangan waktu) yang dapat digunakan.
- yesterday (kemarin)
- last night/week/month/year/time (semalam / minggu lalu / tahun lalu / waktu yang lalu)
- this morning (pagi ini)
- one hour/day/week/month/year ago (satu jam/hari/minggu/bulan/tahun lalu)
- in January (di bulan Januari)
- in 1999 (pada tahun 1999)
- on Saturday (pada hari Sabtu)
- when + S + verb-2 (when he arrived, when I was stuck in traffic jam)
Contoh Kalimat
- A friend of mine was here yesterday</strong.
(Teman saya disini kemarin.) - He ignored my call last week.
(Dia mengacuhkan telepon saya minggu lalu.) - I met my client this morning.
(Saya bertemu klien tadi pagi.) - My sister was born in 1999.
(Saudara perempuan saya lahir pada tahun 1999.) - The water heater stopped working on Saturday.
(Pemanas air itu berhenti bekerja pada hari Sabtu.) - I rolled down the window and took a breath when I was stuck in the heavy traffic jam.
(Saya menurunkan jendela dan menarik napas ketika saya terjebak di kemacetan berat itu.)
Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Simple Past Tense
- Simple past tense untuk membicarakan aksi yang terjadi dengan durasi waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Preposition for dapat digunakan untuk menyatakan periode waktu kejadian.
Contoh Kalimat
- Vina and I went to the Ragunan zoo three months ago.
(Saya dan Vina pergi Ragunan tiga bulan lalu.) - Did he come on time yesterday?
(Apakah dia datang tepat waktu kemarin?) - The party started at 10.00 a.m.
(Pesta mulai jam sepuluh pagi.) - Did you sleep enough last night?
(Apa kamu cukup tidur semalam?) - I studied civil engineering for almost 4 years.
(Saya belajar teknik sipil selama hampir 4 tahun.)
- Vina and I went to the Ragunan zoo three months ago.
- Bentuk kata kerja ini untuk membicarakan kebiasaan pada masa lampau. Subordinate conjunction when biasanya digunakan pada situasi ini.
Contoh Kalimat
- I often did exercises in the gym when I lived in Bandung.
(Saya sering berlatih di gym ketika tinggal di Bandung.) - When I was a senior high school student, I always got up at 4 am to study.
(Ketika saya sma, saya selalu bangun jam 4 pagi untuk belajar.)
- I often did exercises in the gym when I lived in Bandung.
- Untuk menunjukkan bahwa ada aksi berdurasi pendek (simple past) yang terjadi ketika suatu aksi berdurasi panjang (past continuous tense) sedang berlangsung.
Contoh Kalimat
I was reading a journal in the library when someone burped out loud.
(Saya sedang membaca jurnal di perpustakaan ketika seseorang bersendawa keras.) - Untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu aksi (simple past) langsung mengikuti aksi yang telah selesai (past perfect tense).
Contoh Kalimat
I had already finished my breakfast when he picked me up.
(Saya telah selesai sarapan ketika dia menjemput.) - Tense ini digunakan pada conditional sentence type 2.
Contoh Kalimat
- If she studied hard, she would be pass.
(Jika dia belajar keras, dia akan lulus.) - I would buy a sport car if I had much money.
(Saya akan membeli mobil sport jika punya uang banyak.)
- If she studied hard, she would be pass.
10 Contoh Soal Simple Past Tense Pilihan Ganda
Simple past tense merupakan bentuk kata kerja untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi di masa lalu dimana waktu atau periode kejadiannya dapat disebutkan secara spesifik.
Simple past tense dibentuk dari verb-2 (past tense) berupa kata kerja biasa yang menyatakan tindakan atau keadaan; atau to be (was/were). Verb-2 dibentuk dengan menambahkan -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, atau -ne pada bentuk dasar berupa regular verb. Pada base form berupa irregular verb, bentuk verb-2 tidak konsisten. Was untuk singular subject kecuali you, sedangkan were untuk plural subject dan you.
Pilihlah jawaban yang paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong dengan mengetik a atau b.
-
I sometimes ... my head under the water when I swam in the ocean.
- put
- puts
Your answer:
-
He was sleeping when you ... him last night.
- called
- was calling
Your answer:
-
The woman had already left when her friends ...
- come
- came
Your answer:
-
You ... regret if you joined the community.
- wouldn't
- won't
Your answer:
-
Did the tour participants ... the sunrise this morning?
- see
- saw
Your answer:
-
The businessman ... the sales contract two days ago.
- backs out of
- backed out of
Your answer:
-
The family ... in poverty for two decades.
- lived
- live
Your answer:
-
It wasn't her who ... money from your wallet.
- took
- takes
Your answer:
-
How did you ... your last weekend?
- spent
- spend
Your answer:
-
They made mistakes because they didn't ... the guidelines.
- followed
- follow
Your answer:
Javascript diperlukan untuk menjalankan quiz ini.
6 Contoh Soal Negative – Simple Past Tense Pilihan Ganda
Pilihlah negative simple past tense yang tepat dan masuk akal untuk melengkapi kalimat di bawah ini dengan mengetik a atau b.
-
I ... a bird on the roof.
- didn't saw
- didn't see
Your answer:
-
He ... a selfish man.
- wasn't
- weren't
Your answer:
-
The people ... for something useless.
- didn't fight
- didn't fought
Your answer:
-
They ... on the same flight from Singapore.
- wasn't
- weren't
Your answer:
-
Each student ... his or her ideas to the rest of the class.
- didn't present
- didn't presented
Your answer:
-
Yoga ... the bid.
- didn't won
- didn't win
Your answer:
Javascript diperlukan untuk menjalankan quiz ini.
8 Contoh Soal Yes-No Question Simple Past Tense Pilihan Ganda
Pilihlah yes-no question (pertanyaan yang meminta tanggapan “yes” atau “no”) yang tepat untuk setiap kalimat pernyataan simple past tense di bawah ini dengan mengetik a atau b.
-
My curry was too salty.
- Was my curry too salty?
- Was too salty my curry?
Your answer:
-
A dolphin jumped up on him.
- Did a dolphin jumped up on him?
- Did a dolphin jump up on him?
Your answer:
-
The people were there.
- Were there the people?
- Were the people there?
Your answer:
-
No one passed the test.
- Did no one pass the test?
- Did no one passed the test?
Your answer:
-
The weather was rainy.
- Was the weather rainy?
- Was rainy the weather?
Your answer:
-
They complemented each other.
- Did they complemented each other?
- Did they complement each other?
Your answer:
-
Karina and her husband were surprised to hear the news.
- Were Karina and her husband surprised to hear the news?
- Were Karina and her husband surprise to hear the news?
Your answer:
-
A stranger sat next to her.
- Did a stranger sat next to her?
- Did a stranger sit next to her?
Your answer:
Javascript diperlukan untuk menjalankan quiz ini.
Lihat juga:
References:
- Verb Tenses. faculty.washington.edu. Accessed on February 21, 2013.
- Understanding When, While and During. people.rit.edu. Accessed on December 13, 2012.
- The Simple Past and the Past Progressive with When and While. http://www.elc.byu.edu/classes/aoyama/grammar4/aoyg4f05/charts/past2.pdf. Accessed on December 13, 2012.
- Experience. macmillandictionary.com. Accessed on May 17, 2016.
- Do-support. en.wikipedia.org. Accessed on March 12, 2016.
- Review Simple Past. https://www.seattlecentral.edu/faculty/dloos/Grammar/tenses/pengertian-rumus-contoh-kalimat-yes-no-questions_simplepast.htm. Accessed on March 12, 2016.
- Miss. thefreedictionary.com. Accessed on March 12, 2016.
- Past Simple Tense Quiz. englishclub.com. Accessed on August 20, 2013.
Ulangan Harian Bahasa Inggris tentang simple past tense
Kelas 9.A
Thanks