Pengertian Irregular Verb
Irregular verb adalah kata kerja yang bentuk past tense dan past participle-nya tidak konsisten, maksudnya bentuk past tense dan past participle-nya tidak didapat dengan cara yang biasa dengan menambahkan -ed atau -d pada base form / bare infinitive seperti pada regular verb.
Sebagian bentuk past tense dan/atau past participle kata kerja yang memiliki nama lain strong verb ini sama dengan base form, sedangkan sebagian yang lain berbeda. Namun sebagian besar kata kerja ini sama bentuk past tense dan past participle-nya.
Berikut daftar common irregular verbs (umum digunakan) dan arti beserta beberapa contoh kalimatnya.
Base Form: Present Tense (V1) – Past Tense (V2) – Past Participle (V3)
- arise (muncul): arises – arose – arisen
- awake (bangun): awakes – awoke – awoken
- be (verb to be): am/is/are – was/were – been
- bear (memikul): bears – bore – borne
- beat (mengalahkan): beats – beat – beaten
- become (menjadi): becomes – became – become
- bend (menekuk): bends – bent – bent
- begin (memulai): begins – began – begun
- bid (menawar): bids – bid – bid
- bite (menggigit): bites – bit – bitten/bit
- blow (meniup): blows – blew – blown
- break (mematahkan): breaks – broke – broken
- bring (membawa): brings – brought – brought
- broadcast (menyiarkan): broadcasts – broadcast – broadcast
- build (membangun): builds – built – built
- buy (membeli): buys – bought – bought
- catch (menangkap): catches – caught – caught
- choose (memilih): chooses – chose – chosen
- come (datang): comes – came – come
- cost (berharga): costs – cost – cost
- creep (merayap): creeps – crept – crept
- cut (memotong): cuts – cut – cut
- dig (menggali): digs – dug – dug
- dive (menyelam): dives – dived /dove – dived
- do (melakukan): does – did – done
- drag (menyeret):drags – dragged – dragged
- draw (menarik): draws – drew – drawn
- dream (memimpikan): dreams – dreamed /dreamt – dreamt
- drink (minum): drinks – drank – drunk
- drive (mengendarai): drives – drove – driven
- drown (menenggelamkan): drowns – drowned – drowned
- eat (makan): eats – ate – eaten
- fall (jatuh): falls – fell – fallen
- feel (merasa): feels – felt – felt
- fight (bertarung): fights – fought – fought
- find (mencari): finds – found – found
- fly (terbang): flies – flew – flown
- forget (lupa): forgets – forgot – forgotten
- forgive (memaafkan): forgives – forgave – forgiven
- freeze (membekukan): freezes – froze – frozen
- get (mendapatkan): gets – got – got /gotten
- give (memberikan): gives – gave – given
- go (pergi): goes – went – gone
- grow (tumbuh): grows – grew – grown
- hang (menggantung): hangs – hung – hung
- have (mempunyai): have/has – had – had
- hear (mendengar): hears – heard – heard
- hide (menyembunyikan): hides – hid – hidden
- hit (memukul): hits – hit – hit
- hold (memegang): holds – held – held
- hurt (menyakiti): hurts – hurt – hurt
- keep (menjaga): keeps – kept- kept
- know (mengetahui): knows – knew – known
- lay (meletakkan): lays – laid – laid
- lead (memimpin): leads – led – led
- leave (meninggalkan): leaves – left – left
- lend (meminjami): lends – lent – lent
- let (membiarkan): lets – let – let
- lie (berbaring): lies – lay – lain
- light (menyalakan): lights – lit – lit
- lose (kehilangan): loses – lost – lost
- make (membuat): makes – made – made
- mean (berarti): means – meant – meant
- meet (menemui): meets – met – met
- pay (membayar): pays – paid – paid
- prove (membuktikan): proves – proved – proved /proven
- put (meletakkan): puts – put – put
- read (membaca): reads – read – read
- ride (mengendarai): rides – rode – ridden
- ring (berdering): rings – rang – rung
- rise (naik): rises – rose – risen
- run (berlari): runs – ran – run
- say (mengatakan): says – said – said
- see (melihat): sees – saw – seen
- seek (mencari): seeks – sought – sought
- sell (menjual): sells – sold – sold
- send (mengirim): sends – sent – sent
- set (mengatur): sets – set – set
- shake (menggoyang): shakes – shook – shaken
- shut (menutup): shuts – shut – shut
- sing (bernyanyi): sings – sang – sung
- sink (tenggelam): sinks – sank – sunk
- sit (duduk): sits – sat – sat
- sleep (tidur): sleeps – slept – slept
- speak (berbicara): speaks – spoke – spoken
- spend (menghabiskan): spends – spent – spent
- spring (meloncat): springs – sprang – sprung
- stand (berdiri): stands – stood – stood
- steal (mencuri): steals – stole – stolen
- sting (menyengat): stings – stung – stung
- strike (menyerang): strikes – struck – struck
- swear (bersumpah): swears – swore – sworn
- swim (berenang): swims – swam – swum
- swing (mengayun): swings – swung – swung
- take (mengambil): takes – took – taken
- teach (mengajar): teaches – taught – taught
- tear (merobek): tears – tore – torn
- tell (mengatakan): tells – told – told
- think (berpikir): thinks – tought – tought
- throw (membuang): throws – threw – thrown
- understand (mengerti): understands – understood – understood
- wake (bangun): wakes – woke /waked – woken /waked /woke
- wear (memakai): wears – wore – worn
- win (menang): wins – won – won
- write (menulis): writes – wrote – written
Beberapa Contoh Kalimat Common Irregular Verb
- He never comes late to class.
(Dia tidak pernah datang terlambat ke kelas.) - Where do killdeer birds lay their eggs?
(Dimana burung killdeer meletakkan telur-telur mereka?) - I lend my car to him sometimes.
(Saya kadang-kadang meminjamkan mobil saya kepadanya.) - While driving in a highway, Sarah saw a man throwing trash out his car window.
(Ketika sedang mengemudi di jalan raya Sarah melihat seorang pria membuang sampah keluar jendela mobilnya.) - She started to set flatware on the table.
(Dia mulai menata peralatan makan di meja tersebut.)
Lihat juga:
Irregular Verb Rules
Pada dasarnya aturan-aturan penggunaan irregular verb sama saja dengan regular verb. Berikut beberapa aturan tersebut.
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Subject-Verb Agreement
Jika subject berupa singular noun (tunggal), irregular verb pada simple present tense base form-nya perlu ditambahi -s atau -es untuk subject: she, he, it, dan orang ketiga tunggal; sedangkan I dan you cukup menggunakan base form. Sebaliknya subject berupa plural noun (jamak), irregular verb pada simple present tense base form-nya tidak perlu ditambahi -s atau -es.
Contoh Irregular Verb
- She runs.
- John runs.
- I run.
- They run.
- People run.
-
Irregular Verb dan Auxiliary Verb
Irregular verb digunakan dengan berbagai auxiliary verb untuk membentuk beragam tenses. Misalnya have/has + past participle untuk membentuk
present perfect tense, had + past participle untuk membuat past perfect tense, will + base form untuk membentuk future tense.Contoh Irregular Verb
- She has left.
- They have left.
- Lala had left before the party began.
- It will leave you speechless.
Contoh Kalimat Irregular Verb dan Artinya
- She sends her parents money every month.
(Dia mengirimi orangtuanya uang setiap bulan.) present tense - They all came on time yesterday.
(Mereka semua datang tepat waktu kemarin.) past tense - My manager has just left the meeting room.
(Manager saya baru saja meninggalkan ruang pertemuan.) past participle - We haven’t met yet.
(Kami belum pernah bertemu.) past participle - You will understand one day.
(Kamu akan mengerti suatu hari nanti.) base form
10 Contoh Soal Irregular Verb
Pilihlah verb-1 (simple present), verb-2 (past tense), atau verb-3 (past participle) yang cocok untuk mengisi bagian yang kosong dengan mengikuti petunjuk di dalam kurung dengan mengetik a, b, c, atau d.
-
In 1980 He … (become) an American citizen.
- became
- become
Your answer:
-
It was Gina who … (blow up) all the balloons.
- blew up
- blow up
- blown up
- blowed up
Your answer:
-
My first car was good, but its insurance … (cost) so much.
- cost
- costed
- costs
Your answer:
-
I didn’t call you last night because I … (know) you were busy.
- known
- know
- knew
Your answer:
-
She had … (leave) when I came.
- leave
- left
- leaved
Your answer:
-
You … (mow) your lawn this morning, didn’t you?
- mowed
- mown
- mow
Your answer:
-
I think I … (overbuy) fruits. Do you want some apples?
- overbuy
- overbought
- overbrought
Your answer:
-
I … (see) you walking down the hill yesterday morning.
- seen
- saw
- see
Your answer:
-
A decision has been … (take) by the patient.
- take
- took
- taken
Your answer:
-
Who … (wake up) in the morning at 4 o’clock?
- woke up
- wake up
- woken up
Your answer:
Javascript diperlukan untuk menjalankan quiz ini.
Lihat juga:
References:
- buy – definition and synonyms. macmillandictionary.com. Accessed on March 6, 2019.
- Grammar Handbook: Regular and Irregular Verbs. http://www.cws.illinois.edu/workshop/writers/irregularverbs/. Accessed on March 5, 2013.
- Regular / Irregular Verbs. http://www.stlcc.edu/Student_Resources/Academic_Resources/Writing_Resources/Grammar_Handouts/verb_list_irregular.pdf. Accessed on March 5, 2013.
- Irregular Verb. grammar.about.com. Accessed on March 5, 2013.
- Introduction to Irregular Verbs in English. grammar.about.com. Accessed on March 5, 2012.
- Irregular Verbs List. englishclub.com. Accessed on April 1, 2016.
- Mow. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/mow. Accessed on December 11, 2015.
Dear Ms Wilma,
Mohon izin copy untuk belajar
Silahkan Kisno 🙂
THanks,btw english teacher ya?
My pleasure…bukan kok Anggie, cuma learner juga 😀
Hi…
Saya mau tanya, itu masih bingung kyk mana cara supaya tau kalau penggunaan base from ke past participle?soalnya berubah2 belakangnya…
Maaf…soalnya saya baru kelas 3 smp…
Halo Asima,
Past participle dibentuk dengan menambahkan -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, atau -ne pada base form berupa regular verb, sedangkan irregular verb, bentuk-bentuk past participle tidak konsisten. Mungkin kamu bisa lihat-lihat
*daftar irregular verb yang umum
*daftar regular verb yang umum
yang sering digunakan dan daftarnya lebih pendek ^^
Good luck ,bagus bgt utk yg belum bisa belajar disini lebih efektif