Adverbial Clause

Pengertian Adverbial Clause

Adverbial clause adalah dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai adverb (kata keterangan) dan memberikan informasi tentang verb (kata kerja), adjective (kata sifat), atau adverb yang berada pada independent clause dengan kapasitasnya menjawab pertanyaan seperti: how (bagaimana), when (kapan), where (di mana), dan why (mengapa).

Adverbial clause dimulai dengan suatu kata yang disebut subordinate conjunction (seperti: when, after, because, dan though) yang menghubungkannya dengan independent clause. Gabungan adverbial clause dan independent clause disebut complex sentence.

Lihat juga:

Macam-macam adverbial clause antara lain:

  • adverbial clause of time (waktu)
  • adverbial clause of place (tempat)
  • adverbial clause of cause/reason/result (sebab/alasan/akibat)
  • adverbial clause purpose (tujuan)
  • adverbial clause of condition (pengandaian)
  • adverbial clause of contrast/consession (pertentangan)
  • adverbial clause of manner (cara)
Contoh kalimat adverbial clause: While she was cleaning the kitchen, she found a cooking oil spill. (Ketika dia sedang membersihkan dapur, dia menemukan tumpahan minyak goreng.) While she was cleaning the kitchen = adverbial clause; while = subordinate conjunction.
contoh kalimat adverbial clause

Rumus Adverbial Clause

Secara umum rumus complex sentence dan adverbial clause sebagai berikut.

Adverbial Clause

Subordinate Conjunction + S + V +/- …

Complex Sentence

Independent Clause (S + V +/- …) + Adverbial Clause

Posisi Adverbial Clause

Adverbial clause dapat berada di awal kalimat, kemudian diikuti oleh independent clause. Sebaliknya, independent clause dapat berada di awal kalimat, kemudian diikuti oleh adverbial clause. Jika berada di awal, diujung klausa ini diberi tanda baca koma.

di awal Because I have nothing to say, I can’t start a conversation.
(Karena saya tidak ada yang dapat saya katakan, saya tidak dapat memulai sebuah percakapan.)
di akhir I can’t start a conversation because I have nothing to say.

Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Clause

Fungsi Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Clause
memberikan informasi tentang verb You were sleeping when she arrived.
(Dia tiba ketika kamu sedang tertidur.)

Keterangan:

  • verb = were sleeping
  • subordinate conjunction = when
memberikan informasi tentang adjective Her face looks fresh because she always eats well, sleeps enough, and exercises.
(Wajahnya tampak segar karena dia selalu makan dengan baik, tidur cukup, dan berolahraga.)

Keterangan:

  • adjective = fresh
  • subordinate conjunction = because
memberikan informasi tentang adverb He drove fast in order that he could arrive on time.
(Dia mengemudi dengan cepat agar dia dapat tiba tepat waktu.)

Keterangan:

  • adverb = fast
  • subordinate conjunction = in order that

Macam dan Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Clause

1. Time (Waktu)

Adverbial clause of time adalah subordinate clause yang menjawab pertanyaan when (kapan).

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Time:

  • after (setelah)
  • as (ketika, sementara)
  • as soon as (segera setelah)
  • before (sebelum)
  • once (segera setelah)
  • since (sejak)
  • until/till (sampai)
  • when (ketika)
  • whenever (kapan saja, sewaktu-waktu)
  • while (ketika, sementara)
I’m going to give her this present after our surprise party on tuesday.
(Saya akan memberinya kado ini setelah pesta kejutan kita pada hari selasa.)
I was studying in the library when someone greeted me.
(Saya sedang belajar di perpustakaan ketika seseorang menyapa saya.)

2. Place (Tempat)

Adverbial clause of place menjawab pertanyaan yang diawali oleh kata tanya where (di mana).

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Place:

  • where (di mana)
  • wherever (di manapun)
I take it with me wherever I go.
(Saya membawa itu kemanapun saya pergi.)

3. Contrast (Pertentangan)

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Contrast:

  • although, even though, though (meskipun)
  • whereas (sebaliknya, sedangkan)
  • while (meskipun)
  • even if (kalaupun)
He did nothing although he was fired and didn’t receive his final paycheck.
(Dia tidak melakukan apapun meskipun dia dipecat dan tidak mendapatkan gaji terakhir.)
Though I’m annoyed, I try to keep calm.
(Meskipun saya jengkel, saya mencoba untuk tetap tenang.)

4. Cause/Reason/Result (Sebab/Alasan/Akibat)

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Cause/Reason/Result:

cause/reason

  • as (karena)
  • because (karena)
  • since (karena)

result

  • so (sehingga)
Because she had free time during last holiday, she rearranged her house.
(Karena dia punya waktu luang selama liburan lalu, dia menata ulang rumahnya.)
She had free time during last holiday so she rearranged her house.

5. Purpose (Tujuan)

Adverbial clause of purpose digunakan untuk membicarakan tujuan atau cita-cita dimana so dan so that merupakan subordinate conjunction yang umum digunakan.

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Purpose:

  • in order that
  • in the hope that
  • so
  • so that
  • so as
I’ll tell you the best route so that you arrive on time.
(Saya akan mengatakan padamu rute terbaik supaya kamu tiba tepat waktu.)

6. Condition (Syarat)

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Condition:

  • as long as (jika, dengan syarat)
  • if (jika, dengan syarat)
  • only if (hanya jika)
  • otherwise (jika tidak)
  • or else (jika tidak)
  • provided /providing (that) (jika, dengan syarat)
  • supposing (asumsikan, anggap)
  • unless (jika tidak)
She’ll come to my party only if you accompany her.
(Dia akan datang ke pesta saya jika kamu menemaninya.)
As long as you don’t break the law, you will be fine.
(Jika kamu tidak melanggar hukum, kamu akan baik-baik saja.)
I can’t help you unless you tell me what’s going on.
(Saya tidak dapat membantumu kecuali kamu memberitahu saya apa yang sedang terjadi.)

7. Manner (Cara)

Adverbial clause of manner menjawab pertanyaan how (bagaimana).

contoh kalimat adverbial clause of manner dan artinya: He behaved as if nothing was wrong. (Dia bertingkah seolah-olah tidak ada yang salah.)
contoh kalimat adverbial clause of manner dan artinya
A How did he behave?
(Bagaimana dia bersikap?)
B As if nothing was wrong.
(Seolah-olah tidak ada yang salah.)

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Manner:

  • as if (seperti)
  • as though (seperti)
  • how (bagaimana)
  • the way (cara)
You can live your life how you want.
(Kamu dapat menjalani hidup seperti yang kamu inginkan.)

Related Posts:

References:

  1. Conjunctions: causes, reasons, results and purpose. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/linking-words-and-expressions/conjunctions-causes-reasons-results-and-purpose. Accessed on February 21, 2019.
  2. Kinds of Sentences and Their Punctuation. http://www.towson.edu/ows/sentences.htm. Accessed on September 30, 2012.
  3. Dependent Clauses: Adverbial, Adjectival, Nominal. http://www.towson.edu/ows/advadjnomclause.htm. Accessed on October 5, 2012.
  4. Clauses: the Essential Building-Blocks. http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/clauses.htm. Accessed on October 5, 2012.
  5. When/While Indicating time-relative activities. http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/adv_whenwhile.html. Accessed on December 12, 2012.
  6. Using Adverb Clause with Time Expressions. http://esl.about.com/od/grammaradvanced/a/adverb_clauses.htm. Accessed on May 31, 2013.
  7. Adverb Clause. http://grammar.about.com/od/ab/g/qdvclterm.htm. Accessed on May 31, 2013.
  8. Where. http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/where. Accessed on December 2, 2015.
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Posted by Wilma Yulia

31 thoughts on “Adverbial Clause”

  1. what about “I love you for 50 years more” for disini bisa untuk clause marker of adverb kah atau tidak?

  2. mbak numpang tanya ne? kalau contoh ini kita sesuaikan dengan rumus yg ada,dimanakah letak subject,verb,dan predicatenya?mohon salah satu contoh untuk menunjukkan sesuai dengan rumusnya mbak?terima kasih

    • Maaf Jimmi saya ada salah tulis tentang predicate itu…ngaco..ngantuk mungkin ya, sudah saya revisi.

      Kita ambil contoh: You were sleeping when she arrived.

      Untuk predicate, simple predicate itu hanya verb atau compound verb (sama auxiliary verb), jadi simple predicate = were sleeping. Complete predicate itu verb +/- complement (seperti direct object) +/- modifier (dalam hal ini si adverbial tadi), jadi complete predicate = were sleeping when she arrived.

      Independent clause (S + V + …)
      subject = you
      verb = were sleeping

      Adverbial clause (subordinate conjunction + S + V + …)
      subject = she
      verb = arrived

      Bila kita lihat secara keseluruhan satu kalimat (Complex sentence) ini polanya = S + V + direct object + adverbial
      subject = you
      verb = were sleeping
      adverbial = when she arrived

      Semoga membantu Jimmi..kalo ada yang mau didiskusikan jangan segan-segan ya.

  4. Nice article :)
    But can I ask something?
    I’ve found a sentence “Researchers used records on medicare, figuring they were likely to be area residents, not race participants.”
    Is “figuring they were …..” a dependent clause?
    Is it conditional adverbial clause in that sentence?

  6. Adjective clause explain noun or pronoun, which adverbial clause explain verb, adjective or adverb.
    I have got it. Thank you.

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