Pengertian Adverbial Clause
Adverbial clause adalah dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai adverb (kata keterangan) dan memberikan informasi tentang verb (kata kerja), adjective (kata sifat), atau adverb yang berada pada independent clause dengan kapasitasnya menjawab pertanyaan seperti: how (bagaimana), when (kapan), where (di mana), dan why (mengapa).
Adverbial clause dimulai dengan suatu kata yang disebut subordinate conjunction (seperti: when, after, because, dan though) yang menghubungkannya dengan independent clause. Gabungan adverbial clause dan independent clause disebut complex sentence.
Lihat juga:
Macam-macam adverbial clause antara lain:
- adverbial clause of time (waktu)
- adverbial clause of place (tempat)
- adverbial clause of cause/reason/result (sebab/alasan/akibat)
- adverbial clause purpose (tujuan)
- adverbial clause of condition (pengandaian)
- adverbial clause of contrast/consession (pertentangan)
- adverbial clause of manner (cara)

Rumus Adverbial Clause
Secara umum rumus complex sentence dan adverbial clause sebagai berikut.
Adverbial Clause
Subordinate Conjunction + S + V +/- …
Complex Sentence
Independent Clause (S + V +/- …) + Adverbial Clause
Posisi Adverbial Clause
Adverbial clause dapat berada di awal kalimat, kemudian diikuti oleh independent clause. Sebaliknya, independent clause dapat berada di awal kalimat, kemudian diikuti oleh adverbial clause. Jika berada di awal, diujung klausa ini diberi tanda baca koma.
- Because I have nothing to say, I can’t start a conversation.
(Karena saya tidak ada yang dapat saya katakan, saya tidak dapat memulai sebuah percakapan.) di awal - I can’t start a conversation because I have nothing to say. di akhir
Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Clause
-
memberikan informasi tentang verb
You were sleeping when she arrived.
(Dia tiba ketika kamu sedang tertidur.)- verb = were sleeping
- subordinate conjunction = when
-
memberikan informasi tentang adjective
Her face looks fresh because she always eats well, sleeps enough, and exercises.
(Wajahnya tampak segar karena dia selalu makan dengan baik, tidur cukup, dan berolahraga.)- adjective = fresh
- subordinate conjunction = because
-
memberikan informasi tentang adverb
He drove fast in order that he could arrive on time.
(Dia mengemudi dengan cepat agar dia dapat tiba tepat waktu.)- adverb = fast
- subordinate conjunction = in order that
Macam dan Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Clause
-
Time (Waktu)
Adverbial clause of time adalah subordinate clause yang menjawab pertanyaan when (kapan).
Contoh Conjunction Adverbial Clause of Time
- after (setelah)
- as (ketika, sementara)
- as soon as (segera setelah)
- before (sebelum)
- once (segera setelah)
- since (sejak)
- until/till (sampai)
- when (ketika)
- whenever (kapan saja, sewaktu-waktu)
- while (ketika, sementara)
Contoh Kalimat
- I’m going to give her this present after our surprise party on tuesday.
(Saya akan memberinya kado ini setelah pesta kejutan kita pada hari selasa.) - I was studying in the library when someone greeted me.
(Saya sedang belajar di perpustakaan ketika seseorang menyapa saya.)
-
Place (Tempat)
Adverbial clause of place menjawab pertanyaan yang diawali oleh kata tanya where (di mana).
Contoh Conjunction Adverbial Clause of Place
- where (di mana)
- wherever (di manapun)
Contoh Kalimat
I take it with me wherever I go.
(Saya membawa itu kemanapun saya pergi.) -
Contrast (Pertentangan)
Contoh Conjunction Adverbial Clause of Contrast
- although, even though, though (meskipun)
- whereas (sebaliknya, sedangkan)
- while (meskipun)
- even if (kalaupun)
Contoh Kalimat
- He did nothing although he was fired and didn’t receive his final paycheck.
(Dia tidak melakukan apapun meskipun dia dipecat dan tidak mendapatkan gaji terakhir.) - Though I’m annoyed, I try to keep calm.
(Meskipun saya jengkel, saya mencoba untuk tetap tenang.)
-
Cause/Reason/Result (Sebab/Alasan/Akibat)
Contoh Conjunction Adverbial Clause of Cause/Reason/Result
cause/reason
- as (karena)
- because (karena)
- since (karena)
result
- so (sehingga)
Contoh Kalimat
- Because she had free time during last holiday, she rearranged her house.
(Karena dia punya waktu luang selama liburan lalu, dia menata ulang rumahnya.)
- She had free time during last holiday so she rearranged her house.
-
Purpose (Tujuan)
Adverbial clause of purpose digunakan untuk membicarakan tujuan atau cita-cita dimana so dan so that merupakan subordinate conjunction yang umum digunakan.
Contoh Conjunction Adverbial Clause of Purpose
- in order that
- in the hope that
- so
- so that
- so as
Contoh Kalimat
I’ll tell you the best route so that you arrive on time.
(Saya akan mengatakan padamu rute terbaik supaya kamu tiba tepat waktu.) -
Condition (Syarat)
Contoh Conjunction Adverbial Clause of Condition
- as long as (jika, dengan syarat)
- if (jika, dengan syarat)
- only if (hanya jika)
- otherwise (jika tidak)
- or else (jika tidak)
- provided /providing (that) (jika, dengan syarat)
- supposing (asumsikan, anggap)
- unless (jika tidak)
Contoh Kalimat
- She’ll come to my party only if you accompany her.
(Dia akan datang ke pesta saya jika kamu menemaninya.) - As long as you don’t break the law, you will be fine.
(Jika kamu tidak melanggar hukum, kamu akan baik-baik saja.) - I can’t help you unless you tell me what’s going on.
(Saya tidak dapat membantumu kecuali kamu memberitahu saya apa yang sedang terjadi.)
-
Manner (Cara)
Adverbial clause of manner menjawab pertanyaan how (bagaimana).
contoh kalimat adverbial clause of manner dan artinya - How did he behave?
(Bagaimana dia bersikap?) - As if nothing was wrong.
(Seolah-olah tidak ada yang salah.)
Contoh Conjunction Adverbial Clause of Manner
- as if (seperti)
- as though (seperti)
- how (bagaimana)
- the way (cara)
Contoh Kalimat
You can live your life how you want.
(Kamu dapat menjalani hidup seperti yang kamu inginkan.) - How did he behave?
Related Posts:
- reduced adverbial clause
- soal when vs. while
- adverb of time
- adverb of manner
- adverb of place
- adverb of purpose
- subordinate conjunction
- adjective clause
- noun clause
- adverb
- adverb phrase
References:
- Conjunctions: causes, reasons, results and purpose. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/linking-words-and-expressions/conjunctions-causes-reasons-results-and-purpose. Accessed on February 21, 2019.
- Kinds of Sentences and Their Punctuation. http://www.towson.edu/ows/sentences.htm. Accessed on September 30, 2012.
- Dependent Clauses: Adverbial, Adjectival, Nominal. http://www.towson.edu/ows/advadjnomclause.htm. Accessed on October 5, 2012.
- Clauses: the Essential Building-Blocks. http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/clauses.htm. Accessed on October 5, 2012.
- When/While Indicating time-relative activities. http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/adv_whenwhile.html. Accessed on December 12, 2012.
- Using Adverb Clause with Time Expressions. http://esl.about.com/od/grammaradvanced/a/adverb_clauses.htm. Accessed on May 31, 2013.
- Adverb Clause. http://grammar.about.com/od/ab/g/qdvclterm.htm. Accessed on May 31, 2013.
- Where. http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/where. Accessed on December 2, 2015.
what about “I love you for 50 years more” for disini bisa untuk clause marker of adverb kah atau tidak?
I don’t think so.
mbak numpang tanya ne? kalau contoh ini kita sesuaikan dengan rumus yg ada,dimanakah letak subject,verb,dan predicatenya?mohon salah satu contoh untuk menunjukkan sesuai dengan rumusnya mbak?terima kasih
Maaf Jimmi saya ada salah tulis tentang predicate itu…ngaco..ngantuk mungkin ya, sudah saya revisi.
Kita ambil contoh: You were sleeping when she arrived.
Untuk predicate, simple predicate itu hanya verb atau compound verb (sama auxiliary verb), jadi simple predicate = were sleeping. Complete predicate itu verb +/- complement (seperti direct object) +/- modifier (dalam hal ini si adverbial tadi), jadi complete predicate = were sleeping when she arrived.
Independent clause (S + V + …)
subject = you
verb = were sleeping
Adverbial clause (subordinate conjunction + S + V + …)
subject = she
verb = arrived
Bila kita lihat secara keseluruhan satu kalimat (Complex sentence) ini polanya = S + V + direct object + adverbial
subject = you
verb = were sleeping
adverbial = when she arrived
Semoga membantu Jimmi..kalo ada yang mau didiskusikan jangan segan-segan ya.
It’s a simple explanation and very helpful for me as a student, thank you..
You’re welcome Nida…wish you success in your studies 🙂
Nice article 🙂
But can I ask something?
I’ve found a sentence “Researchers used records on medicare, figuring they were likely to be area residents, not race participants.”
Is “figuring they were …..” a dependent clause?
Is it conditional adverbial clause in that sentence?
Maaf banget Aprilia baru balas 🙁
Saya pikir itu bukan dependent clause, tapi modifier berupa phrase.
this formula is really useful for me as well
Adjective clause explain noun or pronoun, which adverbial clause explain verb, adjective or adverb.
I have got it. Thank you.
My pleasure ^^
geee, thanks
Thanks on information and very help me