Conditional Sentence Type 2: Penjelasan dan Contoh Soal

Pengertian

Conditional sentence type 2 atau second conditional adalah conditional sentence yang digunakan ketika result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) tidak memiliki atau hanya sedikit kemungkinan untuk terwujud karena condition-nya tidak mungkin dipenuhi di masa sekarang (present unreal situation) atau condition-nya sulit untuk dipenuhi di masa depan (unlikely to happen).

Condition berada di dalam subordinate clause dengan subordinate conjunction “if”, sedangkan result/consequence berada di dalam main clause.

Lihat juga:

• If I were atau If I was?
• If dan Whether
• Subjunctive “wish”
• Elliptical Construction

Rumus Conditional Sentence Type 2

Bagian conditional clause (if + condition) menggunakan simple past tense, sedangkan bagian main clause (result) menggunakan modal verb dan bare infinitive (infinitive tanpa to).

complex sentence
subordinate clause (if + condition)	main clause (result/consequence)
if + simple past	would/could/might + bare infinitive

If-clause dapat menempati awal atau tengah kalimat. Ketika if-clause menempati awal kalimat, koma ditempatkan sebelum main clause. If … not dapat digantikan dengan unless.

Were Menggantikan Was

Pada conditional sentence type 2, were digunakan menggantikan was meskipun menggunakan singular subject (subjek tunggal: 3rd person pronoun (she, he, it) atau noun). Hal ini untuk menunjukkan bahwa pengandaiannya benar-benar hanya berupa khayalan semata karena condition-nya tidak mungkin dipenuhi (present unreal situation).

complex sentence
subordinate clause (if + condition)	main clause (result/consequence)
if + S + were	would/could/might + bare infinitive

Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Type 2

1. (+) If it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day.
   (Jika besok hujan, saya akan tidur sepanjang hari.)

   Fakta:

   but I don’t have much hope it will rain (tapi saya tidak punya cukup keyakinan bahwa besok akan hujan)

2. (+) If Nisa studied hard, she would pass.
   (Jika Nisa belajar keras, dia akan lulus.)

   Fakta:

   but Nisa doesn’t study hard (tapi Nisa tidak belajar keras.)

3. (+) If I had much money, I would buy a sport car.
   (Jika saya punya banyak uang, saya akan membeli sebuah mobil sport.)

   Fakta:

   but I don’t have much money (tapi saya tidak punya banyak uang)

4. (+) If I were a millionaire, I would donate my money to charity.
   (Jika saya seorang millionaire, saya akan mendonasikan uang saya untuk amal.)

   Fakta:

   but I’m not a millionaire (tapi saya bukan seorang milioner)

5. (-) If Nisa studied hard, she wouldn’t fail.
   (Jika Nisa belajar keras, dia tidak akan gagal.)
6. (-) If Nisa didn’t study hard, she would fail. atau Unless Nisa studied hard, she would fail.
   (Jika Nisa tidak belajar keras, dia akan gagal.)
7. If I were a millionaire, I wouldn’t donate my money to charity.
8. (?) If Nisa studied hard, would she pass?
9. (?) If you had much money, would you buy a sport car?
10. (?) If you were a millionaire, would you donate my money to charity?

Inverted Word Order pada Conditional Sentence Type 2

Inverted word order berarti verb muncul sebelum subject. Kondisi ini dapat terjadi dengan menghilangkan kata “if” dan menukar posisi subject dan verb. Contohnya sebagai berikut.

• If I (S) were (V) the shopkeeper, I would give you discounts.
  (Jika saya pemilik toko, saya akan memberimu potongan harga.) normal
• Were (V) I (S) the shopkeeper, I would give you discounts. inverted

10 Contoh Soal Conditional Sentence Type 2

Pilihlah jawaban yang menurutmu paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong dengan mengetik a atau b.

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Lihat juga:

• Conditional Sentence
• Conditional Sentence type 0
• Conditional Sentence type 1
• Conditional Sentence type 3

References:

1. Conditional Sentences. http://faculty.deanza.edu/flemingjohn/stories/storyReader$18. Accessed on April 10, 2013.
2. Conditionals Quiz. englishclub.com. Accessed on November 22, 2013.
3. Real and Unreal Conditional Form Worksheets. http://esl.about.com/od/Conditional-Forms/a/Real-Unreal-Conditional-Form-Worksheets.htm. Accessed on November 22, 2013.
4. English Test on Conditional Sentences Type 1 and 2. ego4u.com. Accessed on November 22, 2013.