Pengertian Word Order

Word order berarti urutan kata di dalam suatu kalimat. Mayoritas kalimat bahasa Inggris tersusun dengan pola SVO (subject-verb-object). SVO berarti verb (kata kerja) muncul setelah subject dan direct object muncul setelah verb.

Lihat juga:

• adverb order
• adjective order
• verb pattern
• sentence pattern
• the ordering of determiners
• subject-verb agreement
• pronoun-antecedent agreement

Contoh Kalimat SVO

Keterangan:

• S = bold
• V = italic
• O = underline

1. She baked Portuguese egg tarts.
   (Dia memanggang Portuguese egg tarts.)
2. They found nothing.
   (Mereka tak menemukan apapun.)
3. Dini and her family love cats.
   (Dini dan keluarganya menyukai kucing.)

Jika indirect object (I) ditambahkan, pola kalimat yang mungkin adalah SVOI atau SVIO. Pada pola SVOI, antara direct object dan indirect object diselangi preposition “to” atau “for”.

Contoh Kalimat Word Order (SVOI dan SVIO)

• S = bold
• V = italic
• O = underline
• I = green

1. [SVOI] My old friend sent me a very long letter.
   (Teman lama saya mengirimi saya sebuah surat yang sangat panjang.)
2. [SVIO] My old friend sent a very long letter to me.
   (Teman lama saya mengirim sebuah surat yang sangat panjang untuk saya.)

Inverted Word Order

Inverted word order berarti verb muncul sebelum subject. Macam klausa atau kalimat yang mengalami inverted word order antara lain:

• conditional clause tanpa if;
• declarative sentence yang dimulai dengan negative atau restrictive word seperti: not only, hardly, barely, scarcely, never, rarely, dan no sooner; dan
• wh- question (pertanyaan yang diawali dengan wh- word: what, where, when, why, which, who, whom, whose, atau how) yang menanyakan object.

Contoh Kalimat Word Order

1. Were (V) I (S) a millionaire (O), I would donate my money to charity.
   

   “normal” word order

   If I were a millionaire, I would donate my money to charity.
   (Jika saya seorang millionaire, saya akan mendonasikan uang saya untuk amal.)

2. Had (V) you (S) asked (V) her (I) the question (O), she would have answered it.
   

   “normal” word order

   If you had asked the question, she would have answered it.
   (Jika kamu menanyakan pertanyaan tsb, dia akan menjawabnya.)

3. No sooner did (V) you (S) left (V) the restaurant (O) than your friend came.
   (Tidak lama dari kamu meninggalkan restoran, temanmu datang.)

   No sooner … than = correlative conjunction

4. Scarcely had (V) I (S) turned off (V) the light (O) when I fell asleep.
   (Tak lama setelah saya mematikan lampu, saya tertidur.)

   scarcely … when = correlative conjunction

5. Never have (V) I (S) seen (V) such a beautiful beach (O).
   

   “normal” word order

   I have never seen such a beautiful beach.
   (Saya tidak pernah melihat pantai seindah itu.)

6. Only after finishing their task can (V) the students (S) go (V) home (O).
   (Hanya setelah menyelesaikan tugas para siswa dapat pulang ke rumah.)

   Modal verb “can” muncul sebelum subject ” the students”.

7. What (O) can (V) I (S) do (V) for you?
   (Apa yang dapat saya lakukan untukmu?)
8. Which book (O) did (V) you (S) read (V) last night?)
   (Buku yang mana yang kamu baca semalam?)

Lihat juga:

• Conditional Sentence: Pengertian, Rumus, dan Contoh Soal
• Conditional Sentence Type 2: Penjelasan dan Contoh Soal
• Conditional Sentence Type 3: Penjelasan dan Contoh Soal
• Conditional Sentence Type 1: Penjelasan dan Contoh Soal
• If I were atau If I was yang Benar?

References:

1. Word order. http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/rules/order.htm. Accessed on May 24, 2013.
2. Inverted Word Order. http://www.mit.edu/course/21/21.guide/wo-inv.htm. Accessed on May 24, 2013.
3. Deviations from Basic SVO Word Order. http://www.rit.edu/ntid/rate/sea/processes/wordorder/grammatical/deviations. Accessed on May 24, 2013.
4. Inversion in Conditional Sentences. http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv342.shtml. Accessed on May 24, 2013.
5. Inversion. http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-99086.php. Accessed on May 24, 2013.

Related Posts:

• Conditional Sentence: Pengertian, Rumus, dan Contoh Soal
• Conditional Sentence Type 2: Penjelasan dan Contoh Soal
• Conditional Sentence Type 3: Penjelasan dan Contoh Soal
• Conditional Sentence Type 1: Penjelasan dan Contoh Soal
• If I were atau If I was yang Benar?