Pengertian Part of Speech
Parts of speech adalah bagian-bagian mendasar dari kalimat Bahasa Inggris. Ada 8 part of speech, yaitu: noun (kata benda), pronoun (kata ganti), verb (kata kerja), adjective (kata sifat), adverb (kata keterangan), preposition (kata depan), conjunction (kata hubung), dan interjection (kata seru).
Table of Contents: |
Penggunaan dan Contoh Kalimat Delapan Part of Speech
-
Noun (Kata Benda)
Noun digunakan untuk menamai orang, benda, hewan, tempat, dan konsep abstrak. Macam-macam part of speech ini antara lain countable dan uncountable noun, proper dan common noun, abstract dan concrete noun, dan collective noun.
- countable noun (dapat dihitung): book, car, foot, mountain, tree
- uncountable noun (tidak dapat dihitung): English, happiness, meat, milk, snow
- common noun (umum): country, desert, physicist
- proper noun (spesifik): Indonesia, Sahara, Albert Einstein
- abstract noun (menyatakan ide, konsep, perasaan, keadaan, sifat, atau karakter): idea, honesty, imagination, kindness, love
- concrete noun (berupa material atau berwujud nyata): cheese, desk, man, sugar, water
- collective noun (nama kelompok atau kumpulan): class, deer, couple, furniture, staff
Contoh Kalimat Noun
- He just bought a car.
(Dia baru saja membeli mobil.) countable noun - Your book is on the table.
(Bukumu di atas meja.) countable noun - She decided to stop eating meat to lose weight.
(Dia memutuskan berhenti makan daging untuk menurunkan berat badan.) uncountable noun - All I want is honesty.
(Yang saya inginkan hanyalah kejujuran.) abstract noun
-
Pronoun (Kata Ganti)
Pronoun digunakan untuk menggantikan noun.
Part of speech ini bermanfaat untuk menghindari repetisi penggunaan noun. Macam-macamnya antara lain personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun, interrogative pronoun, relative pronoun, indefinite pronoun, reflexive pronoun, intensive pronoun, dan reciprocal pronoun.- personal pronoun (secara spesifik): I, you, we, they, she, he, it
- demonstrative pronoun (menunjukkan jumlah dan jarak): this, that, these, those
- interrogative pronoun (untuk mengajukan pertanyaan): who, what, which, whom, whose
- relative pronoun (untuk membentuk relative clause): who, which, whom, whose, that
- indefinite pronoun (secara umum): another, anything, everything, none, someone
- reflexive pronoun (untuk menyatakan bahwa subjek menerima aksi dari verb): myself, yourself, ourselves, themselves, herself
- intensive pronoun (untuk memberikan penekanan pada antecedent): myself, yourself, ourselves, themselves, herself
- reciprocal pronoun (ketika dua/lebih subjek melakukan aksi yang sama terhadap satu sama lain): each other, one another
Contoh Kalimat Pronoun
- It is on the table.
(Itu di atas meja.) personal pronoun - This is your cake.
(Ini kuemu.) demonstrative pronoun - He didn’t blame himself for the accident.
(Dia tidak menyalahkan dirinya sendiri terhadap kecelakaan tersebut.) personal pronoun, reflexive pronoun - Friends help each other.
(Teman membantu satu sama lain.) reciprocal pronoun
-
Verb (Kata Kerja)
Verb digunakan untuk menunjukkan tindakan dari subject, menunjukkan peristiwa, atau keadaan. Macam-macam part of speech ini antara lain: transitive dan intransitive verb, regular dan irregular verb, action dan stative verb, finite dan non-finite verb, linking verb, dan causative verb.
- transitive verb (diikuti direct object): ask, buy, hit, make, show
- intransitive verb (tidak diikuti direct object): arrive, come, go, smile, wait
- regular verb (mayoritas verb-2 dan verb-3 nya -d/-ed form): accept, bake, decide, live, walk
- irregular verb (verb-2 dan verb-3 didapat dengan berbagai cara): bear, choose, feel, send, write
- action verb (menyatakan aksi atau bahwa sesuatu terjadi): eat, grow, jump, run, work
- stative verb (membicarakan kondisi yang tetap atau cenderung tetap): adore, deserve, forgive, impress, sound
- finite verb (dipengaruhi tense; dan number dan person pada subjek): transitive dan intransitive verb, action dan stative verb, linking verb, dan auxiliary verb
- non-finite verb (tidak dipengaruhi tense ataupun number dan person pada subjek): present participle, past participle, infinitive, bare infinitive
- linking verb (menghubungkan subjek dengan informasi atau deskripsinya): act, be, look, seem, taste
- causative verb (menunjukkan subjek membuat seseorang/sesuatu melakukan aksi): get, have, lead, let, make
Contoh Kalimat Verb
- You hit the nail on the head.
(idiom: melakukan sesuatu dengan cara paling efektif.) - I’m still not feeling well.
(Saya masih merasa tidak enak badan.) - She adores cooking and finds it very therapeutic.
(Dia suka memasak dan merasa itu sangat menenangkan.)
-
Adjective (Kata Sifat)
Adjective digunakan untuk menerangkan noun atau pronoun.
Contoh Kalimat Adjective
- Vina is a beautiful girl.
(Vina adalah gadis yang cantik.) menerangkan noun “girl” - I am not angry with you.
(Saya tidak marah padamu.) menerangkan pronoun “I”
- Vina is a beautiful girl.
-
Adverb (Kata Keterangan)
Adverb digunakan untuk menerangkan verb, adjective, maupun adverb lain. Macam-macam part of speech ini antara lain:
- adverb of time (early, recently, yesterday, now, tonight)
- adverb of manner (fast, hard, slowly, softly, quickly)
- adverb of degree (enough, quite, so, too, very)
- adverb of modality (likely, maybe, perhaps, possibly, unlikely)
- adverb of frequency (always, barely, daily, often, sometimes)
- adverb of place (away, behind, here, nearby, somewhere)
- adverb of focus (also, even, just, mainly, only)
Contoh Kalimat Adverb
- They met by chance yesterday.
(Mereka bertemu tidak sengaja kemarin.) adverb of time - He is not here.
(Dia tidak disini) adverb of place - I go fishing sometimes.
(Saya pergi memancing kadang-kadang.) adverb of frequency
-
Preposition (Kata Depan)
Preposition dikombinasikan dengan noun atau pronoun untuk membentuk phrase (prepositional phrase) yang menerangkan verb, noun, atau adjective. Part of speech ini dapat dibedakan menjadi:
- preposition of time (after, before, during, since, until)
- preposition of place (above, at, in, on, under)
- preposition of movement (inside, into, off, toward(s), up)
- prepositition of manner (by, in, like, on, with(out))
- preposition of purpose (for)
- preposition of quantity/measure (for, by)
Contoh Kalimat Preposition
- Is sleeping on the floor bad for my back?
(Apakah tidur di lantai buruk untuk punggung saya?) on the floor = prepositional phrase - She prefers to stay at home and spend time alone.
(Dia lebih suka tinggal di rumah dan menghabiskan waktu sendirian.) at home = prepositional phrase
-
Conjunction (Kata Hubung)
Conjunction digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua kata, frasa (phrase), klausa (clause), atau paragraf (paragraph). Part of speech ini terbagi menjadi
- coordinate conjunction (menghubungkan dua konstruksi gramatikal yang sama): and, but, nor, or, yet, for, so
- correlative conjunction (digunakan berpasangan): between … and, either … or, from … to, rather … than, if … then
- subordinate conjunction (membentuk adverbial clause): after, because, before, although, when
- conjunctive adverb (menghubungkan dengan logis dua independent clause yang berurutan): at last, besides, however, hence, then
Contoh Kalimat Conjunction
- I like that car, but I don’t have enough money to buy it.
(Saya suka mobil itu, tapi saya tidak punya cukup uang untuk membelinya.) coordinate conjunction - He would rather send a text message than make a phone call.
(Dia lebih suka mengirim pesan text daripada menelepon.) correlative conjunction
-
Interjection (Kata Seru)
Interjection merupakan ucapan pendek digunakan untuk mengungkapkan emosi.
Contoh Kalimat Interjection
- “Alas, he failed.”
- “Oy! Look at me!”
10 Contoh Soal Parts of Speech Pilihan Ganda
Tentukan part of speech yang tepat untuk setiap kata yang digaris bawah dengan mengetik a, b, c, atau d.
-
It's time to step out of your comfort zone.
- adverb
- noun
- pronoun
- preposition
Your answer:
-
He really did something childish this morning.
- adjective
- noun
- verb
- adverb
Your answer:
-
Stay here until he comes back.
- conjunction
- adverb
- preposition
- interjection
Your answer:
-
How many knives do I really need in my kicthen?
- pronoun
- adverb
- noun
- adjective
Your answer:
-
She suddenly changed her mind about selling her house.
- adverb
- conjunction
- adjective
- interjection
Your answer:
-
I have been to Japan three times.
- adverb
- adjective
- conjunction
- verb
Your answer:
-
They don't go out in a boat during a severe storm.
- adverb
- preposition
- verb
- conjunction
Your answer:
-
Wow! You look gorgeous!
- pronoun
- interjection
- noun
- adjective
Your answer:
-
This book is mine. Yours is on the table.
- preposition
- adverb
- noun
- pronoun
Your answer:
-
Had you seen the picture before?
- preposition
- adverb
- verb
- conjunction
Your answer:
Javascript diperlukan untuk menjalankan quiz ini.
Lihat juga:
References:
- Before. dictionary.cambridge.org. Accessed on March 23, 2016.
- Parts of Speech Quiz. englishclub.com. Accessed on March 23, 2016.
mudah dipahami
Mudah untuk di pahami
This time I already somewhat understand