Simple Past Tense: Pengertian, Rumus, Contoh Kalimat, dan Soal

Pengertian Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja sederhana untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi di masa lampau. Pada bentuk kata kerja ini, waktu kejadian (yesterday, last two days, last year) atau periode waktunya (for two months, for a day, for an hour) dapat disebutkan secara spesifik. Tense ini juga dapat digunakan untuk membentuk conditional sentence tipe 2.

contoh kalimat simple past tense dan artinya

contoh kalimat simple past tense dan artinya

Rumus Simple Past Tense Kalimat Positif, Negatif, dan Interrogatif

Simple past tense dibentuk dari verb-2 (past tense) berupa kata kerja biasa atau verb “to be”. Verb-2 merupakan bare infinitive (bentuk dasar verb) dengan tambahan -ed-en-d-t-n, atau -ne untuk regular verb atau bentuk yang tidak konsisten pada irregular verb, sedangkan pada verb “to be”, verb-2 berupa was dan were.

Lihat juga:

Was yang merupakan singular verb digunakan pada singular subject berupa singular noun (seperti: Andi, book, dan cat) dan singular pronoun (seperti: I, she, he, dan it) kecuali “you”, sebaliknya were yang merupakan plural verb digunakan pada plural subject berupa plural noun (seperti: cats, people, books), plural pronoun (seperti: you, they, we, dan cats), compound subject dengan kata hubung “and” (seperti: you and I, Andi and Susi), dan you.

Lihat juga:

rumus simple past tense: S (singular/plural) + verb-2 *mengunakan verb-2 berupa verb "to be": S (singular subject kecuali "you") + was / S (you / plural subject) + were

rumus simple past tense

Tabel Contoh Verb-2

S bare infinitive verb-2
I / you / she / he / they / we / Andi / people / you and I / Andi and Susi study studied
buy bought
it break broke
I / she / he / it / Andi be was
you/ they / we / people / you and I / Andi and Susi be were

Menggunakan be, kalimat negatif dapat langsung dibuat dengan menambahkan “not” setelahnya; sedangkan pada kalimat dengan verb-2 selain be perlu penambahan dummy auxiliary verb “did”, diikuti “not, dan verb-2 berubah menjadi bare infinitive juga.

Kalimat interrogatif (yes-no question) dapat langsung dibuat dengan menukar posisi subject of verb (S) dan be. Jika menggunakan verb-2 selain be perlu penambahan dummy auxiliary verb “did” dan verb-2 berubah menjadi bare infinitive (base form).

Kalimat Positive

Kalimat Negative

  • S + did not + bare infinitive
  • S + was/were not + subject complement (noun/adjective/…)

Yes-No Question

  • Did + S + bare infinitive +/- direct object
  • Be (was/were) + S + subject complement (noun/adjective/…)

Lihat juga:

Contoh kalimat negatif simple past tense: He wasn't home when the package arrived. (Dia tidak di rumah ketika paket itu tiba.)

contoh kalimat negatif simple past tense

Contoh Kalimat Negative – Simple Past Tense

  1. I came late.
    (Saya datang terlambat.)

    I didn’t come late.
    (Saya tidak datang terlambat.)

  2. You left one question blank.
    (Kamu meninggalkan satu pertanyaan kosong.)

    You didn’t leave one question blank.
    (Kamu tidak meninggalkan satu pertanyaan kosong.)

  3. She had teaching experience.
    (Dia mempunyai pengalaman mengajar.)

    She didn’t have teaching experience.
    (Dia tidak punya pengalaman mengajar.)

  4. Those people were nice to me.
    (Orang-orang itu dulu baik pada saya.)

    Those people weren’t nice to me.
    (Orang-orang itu dulu tidak baik pada saya.)

Contoh Kalimat Yes-No Question Simple Past Tense

  1. She came to my house yesterday.
    (Dia datang ke rumah saya kemarin.)

    Did she come to my house yesterday?
    (Apakah dia datang ke rumah saya kemarin?)

  2. They bought some snacks.
    (Mereka membeli beberapa makanan ringan.)

    Did they buy some snacks?
    (Apakah mereka membeli beberapa makanan ringan?)

  3. I was shy.
    (Saya dulu pemalu.)

    Was I shy?
    (Apakah saya dulu pemalu?)

  4. Those students were late this morning.
    (Siswa-siswa itu terlambat tadi pagi.)

    Were those students late this morning?
    (Apakah siswa-siswa itu terlambat tadi pagi?)

Short Answer Response Simple Past Tense

  1. Was I here before? / Were we here before?
    • Yes, you were.
    • No, you weren’t.
  2. Was she/he/it here before?
    • Yes, she/he/it was.
    • No, she/he/it wan’t.
  3. Were you here before?
    • Yes, I was.
    • No, I wasn’t.
  4. Were they here before?
    • Yes. they were.
    • No, they weren’t.
  5. Did I/we miss the point of the story?
    • Yes, you did.
    • No, you didn’t.
  6. Did she/he/it miss the point of the story?
    • Yes, she/he/it did.
    • No, she/he/it didn’t.
  7. Did you miss the point of the story?
    • Yes, I did.
    • No, I didn’t.
  8. Did they miss the point of the story?
    • Yes, they did.
    • No, they didn’t.
Contoh yes-no question simple past tense: Did you meet him yesterday? (Apakah kamu bertemu dengannya kemarin?)

contoh yes-no question simple past tense

Time Expressions

Berikut beberapa time expression (keterangan waktu) yang dapat digunakan.

  • yesterday (kemarin)
  • last night/week/month/year/time (semalam / minggu lalu / tahun lalu / waktu yang lalu)
  • this morning (pagi ini)
  • one hour/day/week/month/year ago (satu jam/hari/minggu/bulan/tahun lalu)
  • in January (di bulan Januari)
  • in 1999 (pada tahun 1999)
  • on Saturday (pada hari Sabtu)
  • when + S + verb-2 (when he arrived, when I was stuck in traffic jam)

Contoh Kalimat

  • A friend of mine was here yesterday.
    (Teman saya disini kemarin.)
  • He ignored my call last week.
    (Dia mengacuhkan telepon saya minggu lalu.)
  • I met my client this morning.
    (Saya bertemu klien tadi pagi.)
  • My sister was born in 1999.
    (Saudara perempuan saya lahir pada tahun 1999.)
  • The water heater stopped working on Saturday.
    (Pemanas air itu berhenti bekerja pada hari Sabtu.)
  • I rolled down the window and took a breath when I was stuck in the heavy traffic jam.
    (Saya menurunkan jendela dan menarik napas ketika saya terjebak di kemacetan berat itu.)

Lihat juga:

Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Simple Past Tense

  1. Simple past tense untuk membicarakan aksi yang terjadi dengan durasi waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Preposition for dapat digunakan untuk menyatakan periode waktu kejadian.

    Contoh Kalimat

    • Vina and I went to the Ragunan zoo three months ago.
      (Saya dan Vina pergi Ragunan tiga bulan lalu.)
    • Did he come on time yesterday?
      (Apakah dia datang tepat waktu kemarin?)
    • The party started at 10.00 a.m.
      (Pesta mulai jam sepuluh pagi.)
    • Did you sleep enough last night?
      (Apa kamu cukup tidur semalam?)
    • I studied civil engineering for almost 4 years.
      (Saya belajar teknik sipil selama hampir 4 tahun.)
  2. Bentuk kata kerja ini untuk membicarakan kebiasaan pada masa lampau. Subordinate conjunction when biasanya digunakan pada situasi ini.

    Contoh Kalimat

    • I often did exercises in the gym when I lived in Bandung.
      (Saya sering berlatih di gym ketika tinggal di Bandung.)
    • When I was a senior high school student, I always got up at 4 am to study.
      (Ketika saya sma, saya selalu bangun jam 4 pagi untuk belajar.)
  3. Untuk menunjukkan bahwa ada aksi berdurasi pendek (simple past) yang terjadi ketika suatu aksi berdurasi panjang (past continuous tense) sedang berlangsung.

    Contoh Kalimat

    I was reading a journal in the library when someone burped out loud.
    (Saya sedang membaca jurnal di perpustakaan ketika seseorang bersendawa keras.)

  4. Untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu aksi (simple past) langsung mengikuti aksi yang telah selesai (past perfect tense).

    Contoh Kalimat

    I had already finished my breakfast when he picked me up.
    (Saya telah selesai sarapan ketika dia menjemput.)

  5. Tense ini digunakan pada conditional sentence type 2.

    Contoh Kalimat

    • If she studied hard, she would be pass.
      (Jika dia belajar keras, dia akan lulus.)
    • I would buy a sport car if I had much money.
      (Saya akan membeli mobil sport jika punya uang banyak.)

10 Contoh Soal Simple Past Tense Pilihan Ganda

Simple past tense merupakan bentuk kata kerja untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi di masa lalu dimana waktu atau periode kejadiannya dapat disebutkan secara spesifik.

Simple past tense dibentuk dari verb-2 (past tense) berupa kata kerja biasa yang menyatakan tindakan atau keadaan; atau verb “to be” (was/were). Verb-2 dibentuk dengan menambahkan -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, atau -ne pada base form berupa regular verb. Pada base form berupa irregular verb, bentuk verb-2 tidak konsisten. Was untuk singular subject kecuali you, sedangkan were untuk plural subject dan you.

rumus simple past tense positif, negatif, dan interogatif

rumus simple past tense positif, negatif, dan interogatif

Pilihlah jawaban yang paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong dengan mengetik a atau b.

  1. I sometimes ... my head under the water when I swam in the ocean.

    1. put
    2. puts

    Your answer:

  2. He was sleeping when you ... him last night.

    1. called
    2. was calling

    Your answer:

  3. The woman had already left when her friends ...

    1. come
    2. came

    Your answer:

  4. You ... regret if you joined the community.

    1. wouldn't
    2. won't

    Your answer:

  5. Did the tour participants ... the sunrise this morning?

    1. see
    2. saw

    Your answer:

  1. The businessman ... the sales contract two days ago.

    1. backs out of
    2. backed out of

    Your answer:

  2. The family ... in poverty for two decades.

    1. lived
    2. live

    Your answer:

  3. It wasn't her who ... money from your wallet.

    1. took
    2. takes

    Your answer:

  4. How did you ... your last weekend?

    1. spent
    2. spend

    Your answer:

  5. They made mistakes because they didn't ... the guidelines.

    1. followed
    2. follow

    Your answer:

Correct
Incorrect

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6 Contoh Soal Negative – Simple Past Tense Pilihan Ganda

Pilihlah negative simple past tense yang tepat dan masuk akal untuk melengkapi kalimat di bawah ini dengan mengetik a atau b.

  1. I ... a bird on the roof.

    1. didn't saw
    2. didn't see

    Your answer:

  2. He ... a selfish man.

    1. wasn't
    2. weren't

    Your answer:

  3. The people ... for something useless.

    1. didn't fight
    2. didn't fought

    Your answer:

  4. They ... on the same flight from Singapore.

    1. wasn't
    2. weren't

    Your answer:

  5. Each student ... his or her ideas to the rest of the class.

    1. didn't present
    2. didn't presented

    Your answer:

  6. Yoga ... the bid.

    1. didn't won
    2. didn't win

    Your answer:

Correct
Incorrect

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8 Contoh Soal Yes-No Question Simple Past Tense Pilihan Ganda

Pilihlah yes-no question (pertanyaan yang meminta tanggapan “yes” atau “no”) yang tepat untuk setiap kalimat pernyataan simple past tense di bawah ini dengan mengetik a atau b.

  1. My curry was too salty.

    1. Was my curry too salty?
    2. Was too salty my curry?

    Your answer:

  2. A dolphin jumped up on him.

    1. Did a dolphin jumped up on him?
    2. Did a dolphin jump up on him?

    Your answer:

  3. The people were there.

    1. Were there the people?
    2. Were the people there?

    Your answer:

  4. No one passed the test.

    1. Did no one pass the test?
    2. Did no one passed the test?

    Your answer:

  5. The weather was rainy.

    1. Was the weather rainy?
    2. Was rainy the weather?

    Your answer:

  6. They complemented each other.

    1. Did they complemented each other?
    2. Did they complement each other?

    Your answer:

  7. Karina and her husband were surprised to hear the news.

    1. Were Karina and her husband surprised to hear the news?
    2. Were Karina and her husband surprise to hear the news?

    Your answer:

  8. A stranger sat next to her.

    1. Did a stranger sat next to her?
    2. Did a stranger sit next to her?

    Your answer:

Correct
Incorrect

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Lihat juga:

References:

  1. Simple Past Tense. http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/tenses/simple_past.htm. Accessed on February 21, 2013.
  2. Sequence of Tenses. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/601/01/. Accessed on February 21, 2013.
  3. Verb Tenses. http://faculty.washington.edu/marynell/grammar/verbtenses.html. Accessed on February 21, 2013.
  4. Understanding When, While and During. http://people.rit.edu/kecncp/Courses/Materials/Grammar/When,While,During.doc. Accessed on December 13, 2012.
  5. The Simple Past and the Past Progressive with When and While. http://www.elc.byu.edu/classes/aoyama/grammar4/aoyg4f05/charts/past2.pdf. Accessed on December 13, 2012.
  6. Past Tense Expressions. https://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/courses/elc/sample/advanced/gs/gs_05.htm. Accessed on October 8, 2018.
  7. Simple Past: Negatives and Questions. http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/courses/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/pastnq.htm. Accessed on May 17, 2016.
  8. Experience. http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/experience_1. Accessed on May 17, 2016.
  9. Do-support. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do-support. Accessed on March 12, 2016.
  10. The Verb “To Be”. http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/to_be.htm. Accessed on March 12, 2016.
  11. Review Simple Past. https://www.seattlecentral.edu/faculty/dloos/Grammar/tenses/yes-no-questions_simplepast.htm. Accessed on March 12, 2016.
  12. Miss. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/miss. Accessed on March 12, 2016.
  13. Past Simple Tense Quiz. http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_past_quiz.htm. Accessed on August 20, 2013.
  14. Simple Past: Negatives. http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/pastnq1.htm. Accessed on May 18, 2016.
  15. Simple Past: Yes/No Questions. http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/courses/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/pastnq2.htm. Accessed on Maret 12, 2016.

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